The concept of psychological defenses dates back to Sigmund Freud.  Interestingly, the use of the word “defenses” came about because Freud liked using military metaphors to help people make sense of what he was saying.  What he saw in people was a tendency to avoid reexperiencing what they feared would be unbearable and overwhelming pain.

We live in a time where difference has become a threat.  That’s not a new problem, but it does seem to be an increasing problem.  Differences are, of course, manifold.  Different cultural backgrounds and ethnic backgrounds.  Different political parties and opinions.